The labrys is a double-headed Cretan ax often depicted in Minoan art. It is associated with worship of Earth Mother goddesses in several cultures even older than Minoan, including Paleolithic and Neolithic art. The Minoans also likely used the labrys to sacrifice bulls.

To the Minoans, the masculine appearing bull was another symbol of female deity. Pasiphae, daughter of the sun and moon, in the guise of cow, married a bull in a symbol of fertility. Bulls played a large part in Minoan culture. They had a bull dancing ritual in which youths would leap and do acrobatics over and with a dangerous bull. Graves speculates that the bull-culture may have been overlayed on a partridge culture, a decidedly more feminine symbol. Representations of priestess's wearing bull horns indicate a "Mistress of All Nature" aspect to Minoan goddesses.